Special Pathology (by species, in the taxonomic sense of the term) is the branch of medicine that deals with describing and studying individual diseases as nosological entities, each having certain peculiar and recognizable characteristics. Special disease is opposed to general pathology, which describes the general mechanisms of illness, common to a variety of pathologies.
Given the vastness of the subject (describing all diseases), for educational purposes, the Special Pathology is usually proposed divided into two disciplinary macro-areas (which are also the most important clinical trials of the course of degree in Medicine and Surgery): Special Medical Pathology and Special Surgery Pathology.
For each disease, Special Pathologies describe, as far as possible systematically and comprehensively, the causes (etiology), the mechanism of damage (pathogenesis), clinical manifestations (signs and symptoms), diagnostic mode and prognosis.
Special Pathologies are so fundamental to the preparation of the future physician as they provide him with a systematic "mental catalog" of those diseases that in the future profession will be called upon to recognize inductively (from symptoms to disease) in individual patients.
No physician will be able to diagnose "rare illness" if at some point in his training there is no awareness of his existence; as well as, in the absence of a valid systematic preparation, it will not be easy to identify new diseases, intended as entities that do not fit any of the known, and described Special Neoplasms. Voices correlateemodify wikitesto
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