The status constructus is the form that a self-employed or adjective can assume in many afro-asian languages when this noun is the subject of an ownership relationship. In extension, the term is also used for the "genital compounds" in question. Characteristic of status constructus connections is that only the second component can be marked with a particular member.
In addition to the Semitic languages, other Afro-Asian languages, such as the Egyptian or certain Berber languages, have similar constructions, even though the rule of the member does not apply.
Semitic languages ArabicIn Arabic, the status constructus appears in the idafa. An idafa is a construction of the type ['[X] SD' [Y] SN] SN] in which X is determined (the genetic link never occurs with an indefinite first element). The ownership relationship of the first element X with the second Y is denoted by giving X the shape of a status constructus. In Arabic, the status constructus distinguishes itself by always performing without the particular article without and the indefinite marker -n.
The status constructus is one of three states in which an Arabic noun exists, in addition to the absolute status (indefinite state) and the status emphaticus (certain state, also called status determinatus). Below are some examples of each of the three states:
Names that are in the status constructus are, to a certain extent, comparable to the first part of a composition in Dutch. Hebrew
In Hebrew, the genital compound is known as smichoet (סמיכות, "leaning"). The first noun of the connection (which is in the status constructus) is referred to as nismach ("to be learned"), and the second (that in the status emphaticus) is called somech ("leanend"). Maltese
In Maltese, where the italicizing term is cost-effective, the genital connection is only used to indicate a tight bond. The noun in the status constructus is called complement and that in the status emphaticus is called nom reġġent. Note that the complement does not assume a reduced form and therefore does not distinguish itself from the absolute status.
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