Marie-Joseph Lagrange, founder of the school
The École Biblique, nowadays fully referred to as the École biblique et archéologique française de jerusalem, is a university-based institution of higher education in Jerusalem. The school was founded by the French Dominican Marie-Joseph Lagrange in 1890, in the monastery of St. Etienne of the Dominicans in Jerusalem. Since 1920 - when the institute became part of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres - it has its current name. The institute is located near the church where former relics of H. Stephen were honored.
The school is concerned with Bijbelexegese in the broadest sense of the word. Also the semitic languages, Christian archeology, Assyriology, Egyptology and (parts of) Old History are studied by the school. Since 1892, the school has published the magazine Revue Biblique, which applies as a measure in the (Catholic) Bible science. The school was involved in the translation of the Dead Sea roles.
The research activities of the Dominicans were initially followed by the Holy See with argusogen. In particular, Pope Pius X, who believed in the work of the École modernist traits (especially the involvement of all kinds of auxiliary sciences in Biblical science, was found suspect). The creation of the Biblical Bible Commission directly under the Roman Curie must be seen as a reaction to the establishment of the Jerusalem School. The Bible Commission was mainly manned by Jesuits who lived with the Dominicans in a certain amount of tension as to what could be called authentic Catholic Bible interpretation. Match with the encyclopedia Divino Afflante Spiritu, from Pope Pius XII from 1943, that tension took off.
The École delivered the so-called Jerusalem bible, a translation of the Bible in French, published first in 1956.
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