The Torwadynastie originated after the fall of the kingdom of Great Zimbabwe in the 16th and 17th centuries, most likely founded by legendary Dlembeu.
The Torwadynastie had its capital in Khami city from 1450 to 1683. The new culture in Khami developed the same building techniques and pottery styles, as found in the ruins of Great Zimbabwe. The masonry of Khami continued to perfect the construction of Great Zimbabwe.
In the ruins of Khami, many archaeological artifacts have been found, such as ritual drinking cups, iron and bronze weapons and spiritual pieces of ivory. Artefacts from Europe and China show that Khami was a major trading center.
During this period, the first Europeans also arrived. The first known European visitor was Antonio Fernandes, a Portuguese degredado (these were convicted criminals who were granted freedom if they participated in dangerous expeditions), reaching the Zimbabwe plateau in 1513.
There had always been a certain Arab influence, especially through trade, but the Arabs became in conflict with the Portuguese because of conflicting commercial interests and religion.
After 1670, a new power emerged on the Zimbabwe plateau, led by a military shoneleider, called Changamire. His followers, known as the Rozwi, cast the Torwadynastie around. In addition, they expelled the Portuguese in 1693 from the Zimbabwe plateau, on which they established the Rozwi Empire.
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