A sub-arctic volcano (sub = under; aer = air: under the air) is a volcano that is directly in contact with the atmosphere, that is, a volcano on the land. The opposite is a volcano underwater, a submarine volcano.
By far most volcanoes are submarines. Subarctic volcanoes are, however, much more important for humans than submarine volcanoes.
Subarctic volcanoes occur primarily in volcanic arcs along subduction zones. However, it can also be intra-plate volcanoes, volcanoes at a hotspot. At divergent plate boundaries volcanoes usually do not come out of water, although there are exceptions like the volcanoes in Iceland.
An eruption of a subarctic volcano is called a subarial eruption by volcanologists.
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