In meteorology an anabolic wind is a wind blowing up a steep slope or side of a mountain by orographic effect (forced convection by stau) or by the effect of air heating (free convection). The etymology of the name derives from the Greek αναβατικός and means "going up". Formatting the wikitesto
These winds usually develop during the day on calm and sunny summer days. The slopes and the top of a relief irradiated by the Sun are heated and with them the above air. The air at altitudes similar to adjacent valleys or plains, is not heated so much, because of its distance from the ground. The effect is accentuated if the lower ground is in the shadow of the mountain, thus receiving less heat.
The air of the sunny slopes is now warmer than the surrounding air, and consequently its density decreases and rises by convection. This creates in the valleys a low pressure area that recalls new air at the slopes of the slope, feeding the wind moving upwards.
The air that rises up the slopes of the great mountains can also reach remarkable heights; at this point the adiabatic cooling process can lower the temperature even below its dew point, forming heaps. These can in turn produce rain or thunderstorms.
Anabatic winds, and generally ascending currents, are used by glider, glider and paragliding riders to support the flight and increase the altitude reachable by their aircraft. Venti catabaticimodifica wikitesto
Opposite to the ascending winds we find the catabatic winds, blowing winds down, often produced at night by the opposite process; the air near the ground loses heat faster than the one at a similar altitude that overhangs the lower soils. Cooling leads to an increase in air density that becomes heavier and therefore tends to fall by gravitational attraction, triggering a direct wind down.
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